My Investment: The Cost of Breeding Reptiles
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Although, I have had reptiles for years and have successfully bred them, which started as an accident, but either way, I never really considered breeding for anything but my own enjoyment and pets. I either kept what I bred or gave the hatchlings to friends. I was responsible with my initial breedings, but I usually don't recommend it others. Please realize that before my first mating pair, I had researched reptiles, the leopard gecko more extensively, for over 2 years at that point with 1 year of hands on experience.
I had the grand idea of starting a reptile hobby- breeding business back in 2006. Luckily, my father has the internet, web designing gene and together we came up with a domain name and a website. The website has been by far the simplest thing to keep up and manage. Everything else is a pain!
Reptile Racks
The Bills & Expenses
One may not think there are too many bills in regards to reptiles. They're not like dogs in the sense that they need yearly shots. They don't require expensive premium foods. They're simple, right?
Well, if you're going to be serious about it, even if it's a hobby, you at least have to have nice breeders.
Now, I had already decided that I was going to start off with leopard geckos, African fat tail geckos, and then move towards crested geckos, gargoyle geckos, and others. I already had one African fat tail and a few leopard geckos, but my leopard geckos were more pets, not breeding quality. I had to find a few nice reptiles to start off with.
Searching through the internet and speaking with a few of reptile pals, I found a few good breeds that happened to have geckos that I was interested in.
I started with 5 unsexed crested geckos for $195 (including shipping), 4 African fat tails for $300 (including shipping), and 4 leopard geckos for $700(including shipping from two different breeders).
Then it was time for a reptile rack for $300, which I ordered wrong and had to order Flexwatt heat tape and wiring equipment (another $50). I had to purchase a digital porportional thermostat for over $100 to make sure that the Flexwatt tape doesn't overheat and catch the house on fire.
When drilling air holes, a few of the tubs cracked, so I had to purchase a few spare tubs for $2 each.
More calcium supplements, vitamins, and crested gecko meal replacement.
Food and water bowls; I started off with gatoraid tops, but they needed to be refilled often and just didn't hold enough. I need bigger bowls that would hold more water and keep mealworms from climbing out.
Which, leads me to mealworms and crickets in bulk.
Luckily, in terms of the website, my father hosts it on his server and he pays the goDaddy domain charge.
Leopard Gecko Rack
Click thumbnail to view full-sizeBreeding Supplies
Supplies
The supplies are second on my list of troubles of a business, whether it be a hobby or full- time. I, actually, think that supplies are probably one of the more troublesome expenses to any business. In terms of purchases for animals, it's a constant renewal of supplies so that you never are completely out; no bottle should ever be empty before a replacement is purchased.
Supplies for breeding reptiles that I must always have on hand include:
- Calcium supplement
- Vitamin/ mineral supplement
- Liquid calcium (for gravid females)
- Crested gecko meal replacement diet
- Egg cartons
- Perlite (for incubation)
- Various sized plastic deli cups with lids (for shipping reptiles and incubation)
- Fragile- perishable shipping boxes with fitted insulation
Ok, well the egg cartons aren't a constant, every day purchase, but I need them on hand for crested gecko and gargoyle gecko enclosures, as well as for feeder crickets and roaches.
Items that I like to have extras of, but are not necessary or can be substituted temporarily include:
- Food and Water bowls
- Fake plants
- Snake aspen
Other supplies that I use:
- All natural baby food
- Digital scale (keeping proper weights)
- Hovabator incubators (but I have plans to upgrade to a Nature's Spirit)
- Spray bottles
- Exo Terra Electrolize Drops
- Exo Terra Calcimize Drops
- Liquid Vitamin Electrolyte Spray
- Paper towels
Feeder Insects
And, the absolute worse part of of the expenses comes in the form of nasty, creepy crawly BUGS!
- Crickets
- Mealworms
- Discoid Roaches
- Phoenix Worms
- Waxworms (on occasion)
I am, by no means, a big time reptile breeder, and I never plan to be such; I just have more reptiles than the regular reptile owner of one or two. I have to pay $50- $75 for 10,000 to 20,000 mealworms every few months. To date, this money is just thrown away.
Geckos
Click thumbnail to view full-sizeThe Investments
Past the supplies, the investments are the most costly part in any business, whether they be a new invention, stock, bonds, or in this case reptiles.
Being that goReptiles is more of a hobby (an expensive one), I take the mindset of a it as business when in terms of making the right investments and purchasing the right reptiles. I have to be smart and savvy- barter a little, try to get a lower price. I have to decide with a set income (very little at the moment) what I can afford to buy and what I can't. If I find a perfect addition to my collection, but the price is too much, then I have to pass, otherwise, I jump on it. Occasionally, I'm able to find gorgeous reptiles for a cheap price, or multiple reptiles for a great deal- those get purchased and shipped to my door.
But, again with a set income, I can't shop around all the time. It's the occasional purchase that works for my hobby.
I have to make sure to bring in new bloodlines and new reptiles to make the morphs better in terms of possible hatchlings.
I have to make sure that my breeders are affordable to my pocket, but at the same time will lead me to a nicely priced hatchling to help pay for breeders, accessories, and feeder insects.
In Conclusion...
The investments of my hobby are the most important part of the hobby as without them I would have no hatchlings, which means no business. So, I take my investments seriously, not only because of the money I spend to care for them, but the money I spend to purchase them and the money I hope to gain from them.
The moment I can't handle my chosen hobby, is the exact moment that I bow down and back out because I will not purposely put any animal under harm or neglect.
And, because it is a hobby and no where near a true, profitable business, I'm in debt... Serious debt...
The moment I care more about the money than the animals, is the moment I've waited one too late to get out...
Update January 2010: After doing my books from 2008 and 2009 so to get started with my 2010 expenses and sales, I found that I am still in the red, in every single aspect.
- Leopard Geckos- $1,110.80 in the red
- Rhacs- $2,923.45 in the red
- Misc. Animals- $1,005.00 in the red
- Supplies- $1.232.75 in the red (does not include all supplies as not all have been written down from the very beginning)
- Feeders- $2,871.50 in the red (not all expenses have been recorded)
- Shipping costs- $270.53 in the red
I have had 2 full breeding seasons with my initial breeding leopard geckos and 3 with some of my initial crested geckos. The market is fully saturated with both, and it is hard to make a sale unless you drastically reduce your prices. I have found equal to lesser quality geckos sold by breeders with decades of breeding experience be able to sell for 4 times what I sell, but small breeders nearly never make a profit. Without a name and reputation, it's best to start small and work your way up as you do make a profit. Do not go spend thousands off the bat, unless you're able to take the hit and are prepared to lose most of that money for years before making a profit.
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The reason why starting with mid to high end morphs will yield a better return is simple: While most people don't want to pay for them, so the market is smaller, there are still plenty of other breeders who do. The cost of feeding and caring for a high end morph is exactly the same as the cost of feeding and caring for a normal. If you breed ONLY normal specimens of common species, you not only won't make back your investment, you won't even be able to pay for the care of your breeding animals for the year, from what you make. You cannot simply breed normal ball pythons, normal leopard geckos, or normal corn snakes, and make a profit--no matter how many of them you have. Their market value is so low, they cannot pay for their own production. These animals are produced by breeders in the process of producing more expensive morphs, they aren't being bred deliberately for sale. (For example, if I breed a Lesser Platinum ball python to a normal ball python, the resulting hatchlings will come out 50% lessers, and 50% normals. The lesser hatchlings sell for $230 apiece, but the normals only realistically sell for $30 for males, and maybe $60 for females, max. If I wholesale them, I may get as little as $8 for them). It's even worse with crested geckos and leopard geckos--normals of those species may sell for $15...the wholesale price you can guess at.
Your alternative to working with morphs is to work with rare species, where normal animals have a high price tag. Demand is not high. You need patience--eventually the animals will sell if you have them priced at market rate.
Thinking about profit hobby for basement .this was huge info for me.thankyou
My hobby just got off the ground, maybe I got lucky but I started it this year with just two chameleons and two bearded dragons. I traded for the tanks and most of the housing needs so I got off cheap on that. from the start I raised my own feeder worms and crickets and haven't had much trouble with it. The Lizards cost me $80 each so $320 plus the $80 to start the bugs... the first clutch came from the Chameleons, 12 hatchlings made it to three inches and the store I bought them at offered me $300 for them! All 12 are gone now and now I am only $100 in the hole. Once the Dragons produce the first clutch I will be ready to obtain another pair of breeders perhaps the Austrailian Water Dragons I can't stop looking at?
This is only a hobby, but I could see me filling my 1,200 sf basement up and loving all the different environments!!
I've been breeding ball pythons for about 4 years now. If projections continue as they have, I will have made back my initial investment in profits by the end of next year. Folks who tell you that it can't be done...aren't doing their research. If you're breeding reptiles for fun, it doesn't matter. If it is a business, then you have to run it like a business, and have you have to love doing so.
It's true that coming in at the top of the market with a new morph is a gamble, but with a morph that's been around for a few years, you can plot the depreciation trend, and you know basically what to expect. Some morphs come down far more than you think they will, but people who consider this to be devastating aren't thinking clearly. Say you buy a morph for $1000, and the next year, it goes down to $800, and the year after that, it goes down to $600...but if you bought a male, now you're producing your first clutches, and you're selling hatchlings for $600. Breed that male to 3 females, and get up to 9 hatchlings that you can sell for $600. You just made $5400. Ok, so you had to buy 3 adult normal females to do that. That's about $450. And they all ate food. But you can clearly see that you made back your entire investment, including equipment, and made a profit.
So what happens next year? They drop to $400. Boo hoo. Now you're only making $3600 in pure profit. I hope you see my point. ;) If you use your head, you'll be making plenty of money, even if all of your snakes need vet care at some point.
People are impatient, and they don't understand why they can't get rich in a single breeding season. Unrealistic expectations do not mean you can't make money breeding reptiles.
If you do want to make money, it's important to do LOTS of research first. Find the most economical and best quality equipment, and do your math! If you don't understand how morphs depreciate, you won't be able to predict what you can make on them. Animals like crested geckos and leopard geckos are highly prolific, and reach adulthood fast. As a result, the morph depreciation/turnover is very high. You must invest in much more expensive animals to get a foothold. The same is true of corn snakes.
I started with ball pythons, and I've done quite well with my choice. 4 years later, I have almost made back all of my investment in profits, and I've reinvested in the business as well. Ball pythons grow to adulthood slowly (at least, females do), and lay single clutches of 5 to 10 eggs each year. As a result, morphs depreciate more slowly.
Make sure you love what you do, because caring for large numbers of animals is always a dirty and difficult chore. It's clearly possible to make a living breeding reptiles--people are doing it. They weren't lucky, they were good businessmen/women. "You have to have money to make money" has never been more true than in this business. If you can't invest in high value animals that will depreciate more slowly, you aren't likely to make back your investment easily, if at all. Growing from 'the bottom up' could be a task that could take decades. The better quality animals you can start with, the faster you'll be able to make a profit.
YOu should just breed crested geckos. You can make a cool pattern because they don't have genetics like leopard geckos.
What you should do is go and sell you geckos at a reptile expo. go and buy a table and if someone makes a purchase pass them a business card with your website to get your name out there.
hey im thinking of being a ball breeder in the future any suugestions or reccomendations cuz i have almost no expirience but i love reptiles and balls
I am currently breeding leos for the third time in my life, am about to breed bearded dragons and heve my ball pythons in hibernation getting ready for the breeding season.... I agree that you should not go into the reptile business thinking that you are going to get rich quick; However, there is money to be made... and regardless wethor you are selling morphs or the regular garden variety. There indeed are a lot of expenses to starting a reptile business, as with any other business you start(most businesses in the U.S. are expected to operate in the red for up to 5 years before starting to profit). But if you are smart with your finances you can easily recover your expenses and make a profit.
IDK where you think that breeding morphs is the only way to profit... the fact is that most average people that want to purchase a pet lizard or snake do not want to spend $1000 or even hundreds on one. Only breeders and collectors are willing to spend that kind of money. Limiting yourself to high end morphs really limits your market potential. As far as the pet market goes, there is a higher demand for less expensive reptiles $25-$150 range. And if you wanna supply to pet stores most will not pay alot for expensive morphs, they want normals high-yellows and hypo-tangerines at low prices about $25 each for babies. My point is that although RARE morphs can fetch a high price with one sell, there is more demand for the normals and less expensive morphs that people want as pets. (The pet keeping general public citizens make up a much larger share of the market than the breeders and collectors willing to pay for the rare morphs) So the key is to breed a lot of normals and less expensive morphs(which also require less investment) and few of the more expensive, rarer morphs that only breeders are willing to purchase.
Another big help is, do start breeding your own food to cut down on expenses, and join social networks such as herp organizations and talk with other breeders. Networking is a great way to find cheaper and better ways of operating your business/hobby as well as finding good deals on breeders and supplies and a great source for advice.
My main point is that more expensive reptile investment does not = more lucrative profits, this is do to demand as I explained above. My last bit of advise to everyone is take a freakin business class it will help you a lot with learning to responsibly calculate finances, find funding, find a market for your products(reptiles), and a better overall understanding of running a profit seeking business.
i had a read thought the article and i breed my geckos and i never get much profit from them i also have 2 albion true red tail boas i got 32 newborns and i sold them all for £600 each i also have 2 jungel jaguar carpet pythons 23 hatchlings at £400 each profit just from snakes £28400 in one year just thought i would let you kno to help out a fellow hobby breeder
Hi I love this article its very good.Its really helping me set up for my first season :)
Thanks!
oh ha and i sold a lot of my new bach about a month ago for about 35 dolers ech is that good
I wouldnt say that. I am a bearded dragon breeder. I set up tables at local shows and be very well. You have to find the cheapest way to do everything. Like build your own cages. Breed crickets. Buy breeders from shows and hagle with seller. They will go down on the price. If you really want the money it its out there.
how do you keep the temp right in one off the tub were im thinking of breeding corn snakes
I am thinking of breeding leopard geckos for a hobby, simply for fun, and maybe sell babies to learn a little about the reptiles market. My question is whether or not you breed crickets or mealworms as well to cut your feeding costs? It would seem like a logical way to save money.
Hey right now its breeding season and lately i know for shure my geckos arnt breeding. Should I seperate them for a while or what?
Thank you for the information. I feel that when it comes to lizards, prices for a particular morph are never going to stay hundreds of dollars above the other morphs of that species for more than a few years. My plan is realistic in that I am going to invest in high quality breeders of morphs that have been around for a while and therefore have reached a relatively stable price. I don't expect to be selling offspring for $1500 a piece or even $500 a piece because unless you are talking about a new morph, lizards simply don't sell for that much. I will be raising all of my feeder insects in-house which minimizes the costs so I expect electricity use and heating oil to keep the ambient temp. in the herp room up to be my largest expenses.
On another note, as someone else pointed out (albeit in a rude way) the money you mentioned as unreconciled investment sounds like a very reasonable amount to me, especially since you pointed out in your post that, at the time you wrote it, many of your breeders hadn't reached breeding age yet. I expect to invest a few thousand on my initial set up and breeders and not even begin breeding until my breeders mature a year or more later. This is a hobby as well as a side business venture for me and in the long run I expect it to pay off well. I also expect that it will take at least 2 years to get off the ground. There is a lot of money to be made in this business for the few who stick with it and have a sound business plan, but it is definitely not a 'get rich quick' industry and I think many people don't start out with a good plan or realistic goals.
How is your business doing at this point? best of luck to you and thanks again.
Thanks for the info. I am looking into starting a small reptile breeding business and your page is very informative. How do your electricity costs relate to your other expenses? My initial calculations are showing that my electricity costs may be the largest part of my expenses. Also, do you have any advice on how to monitor the changing trends in what reptiles are hot in the market? Is it just guess work?
I am really found in reptiles and would like to start breeding them(Only small thing). Could any one point me in a good direction for small reptile breeding for mostly my own enjoyment, but to make a bit of money.
I have had reptiles before such as corn snakes and bearded dragons. Please take into consideration that this would be only very small.
Thank you!
Great advise. So many people don't consider the real expenses to breeding reptiles. I'll be sure to point people who might ask to your hubs. Personally I'm going to breed a couple of Tokay's but it will be, at least for the moment, strictly for personal pleasure.
Were you able to take your investments off your taxes, and if so, how? I have several ball pythons, and I have a few on deposit at my pet store, and want to breed them. Pretty much same deal as yours; just wanted to know about the taxes deal.
i've been reading a few of your posts (hubs??) and i have to say that i'm greatly impressed.
you're clearly well educated on the topic and i fully trust your opinion on reptiles. i would also feel very comfortable going to you as a breeder for pets.
when you first started breeding did you have a hard time parting with the hatchlings? i think for myself i'd worry about where they were going, if i could trust the person taking them. do you screen the people you sell to?
Whitney I use breed "leos" as well. Very interesting article. How are you doing these days? Any success?
Thanks a ton! Walmart has a lovely selection!
Youre probably are right about the rodents.I am going to try not to bond with them.haha.thanks
I know this is besides the topic,but...hmm...where can I buy good feeder insects/live rats(I prefer to put out myself so I can inspect)and I do love rats as pets,but my pets have got to eat.I just cannot feed my own rats.I just love them too much.Great hub.Breeding is expensive.I have tried many times,but I ended up keeping most.Thank you so much.
Hmm... I can't seem to find t. Is it sold online? ('Cause I'm pretty sure that's not a Winnie-The-Pooh storage bin.)
Hey! I was just ondering if you couldtell me where you got the large plastic bin in the first "Reptile Rack" picture. The second one down?
Yeah the ball market is definitely hit and miss. Even with high end morphs, its gambling, one Morph might be going for 1500 a pop, six months from now the same morph will be getting 200. so you have to really predict the market well and hope for the best. Albino balls are a relatively stable market, and I think they will be that way for a long time. Piebalds I think will maintain ther stability for a good long while as well. Boas are easy and the market is always stable, they also have a lot of offspring, another plus.
I have been wanting to get into breeding lizards but I am just not sure which yet. I was thinking Uromastyx but I hear breeding them is hard and I cant find much on the internet. so mabye there is a good reason why not a lot of people breed them but hey, I am always up for a challenge.
So a very attractive woman who breeds reptiles, you must get hit on a lot at reptile expos, just teasing of course, I just dont see a lot of women in the hobby and the few that are, are usually, well... Ill leave it at that.
I hear that, geckos are definitely a riskier market, you have to have alot bigger balls to spend half a grand on a gecko. Boas require smaller balls, they are definitely safer. even the ball python market is shaky, I have started breeding some morphs and it is like a roller coaster. but I still dont have the stomach for geckos yet. so for that I commend you! anyhow I did enjoy your article and it will make people think. this is like a dot.com business, many will jump in for fast cash and flop in a year, but the dedicated, patient few that make it will make it big.
I have to agree with "Funny" on this one. I started (as a hobby) Breeding Columbian boas a 2 years ago, I spent 1000 bucks on 2 proven Hypo Boas. 500 on cages, 200 on food for the first six months. All in all it was 2000 investment with everything but when they gave birth... 21 babies = 3500 dollars! I almost doubled my money in six months, they bred again that year too. a total of 4300 profit in one year.
Ive expanded my collection and this year I am expecting 11,000 profit, Please note I STILL CONSIDER THIS A HOBBY, but I RUN it like a business.
So be smart.
I was laughing at this artilce. Poor you $1200 in debt is nothing. The problem you are having is you're inexperience in business planning. You need to breed reptiles in demand. Morphs are in demand. You can buy 1 breeder rack for $1200. You can easily make up the money you spent if you do more research about what people are looking to buy in the reptile world. ;) Good luck. You have a lot to learn but it looks like you got your feet wet with breeding.
I love animals, but cats the best i think
Hey Whitney05, I've got a new found respect for your open approach to sharing information, I like your style thanks again for the ins and outs of reptile breeding you're much appreciated, cheers!
This is a well contructed article, for certain. What are you going to do when you graduate from college?
Great hub. I admire your passion for breeding, and you are genuinely concerned for them, finances aside!














casey 2 months ago
Start small and even with normal morphs just to her the hang of it. You don't need to do 10,000 dollars off the get go, unless you are able too. Then check with local pet stores and see if they'll take you on as one of their breeders, so you have a place for the babies to go so you don't have a surplus of reptiles and no money. Breed your feeders! It cost less and once you get going you can sell your surplus feeders. Knowing the costs are good, but dont go all in, start small build a reputation, then form websites and breed other reptile types.